Urban Models to Achieve Energy Efficiency: The City of Science and Scholars Complex in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Governorate, As A Case Study

Abstract

The process of planning and designing the city has a clear and significant impact on improving energy efficiency, as residential buildings account for 40% of global energy consumption. In the developed world, the total energy consumed is 20%, and in developing countries it represents two-thirds of the energy consumed, and by the year 2040. In order to ensure that everyone has access to the energy that humans adapt to, this is why resources must be supported in a sustainable manner.  . Saving energy, improving efficiency in a sustainable manner, the sustainability of residential buildings, knowing the programs used and the benefits of improving energy use in modern and old buildings, integrating planning and design to reach buildings that do not consume energy, and what can be achieved in the future in the field of energy consumption and demand for electricity. There is more than one approach to the possibility of resorting to the use of renewable energies or alternative energies, while ensuring that they do not run out, and the use of environmentally friendly building materials that are able to withstand climatic conditions.